Loom for weaving pile fabrics.



A. VE'LUARD.

-Loswa FOR Afm/ING PILE msmss APPLICATION FILED SEPT-18, 39'13.

A. VELUARD'.

Loom FOR wEAvmG me FABRICS.

' APPLICATION FILED SET. 18. 1913. 191599435 A .Paented Nov., 9, 19ML A, www@ I OOIII FOR WMI/ING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I8, I9I3- y lag., Pan Nov. 9, 19M.,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ANDR VELUARD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

LOOM FOR WEAVING :PILE FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1915.

Application led September 18, 1913. Serial No. 790,446.

To aZZ'wLom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDR VELUARD, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing in thecity of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for VVeaving File Fabrics, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawinds, forming a part of this specification.

lVly invention relates to looms for weaving pile fabrics wherein the pile lis formed of the weft threads v nich are passed over pile wires which extend in the direction of the warp and are raised and lowered by the loom harness to permit the weft threads t pass over and under the same during the weaving operation.

In the manufacture of plain and figured velvet in which the pile is formed by the weft threads, prior to my invention, it has been the practice to first produce the fabric on a loom with its pile or oat uncut, and, afterward, remove the fabric from the loom and cut the pile or float by hand.

Theobject of mv invention is to provide a v loom with a novel, simple and eicient means whereby the pile or float formedby the weft threads may be automatically cut as rapidly' as it is produced in weaving either plain or figured velvet; and to this end, the invention, as generally stated, consists in providing a loom with a pile wire and a pilecutting knife of novel construction, and in providing a means to support Aand manipulate the-pile wire and the knife with respect to the threads for the production of the desired fabric.

The invention further consists in various novel features of construction and combinations of parts whereby advantages are gained, as will be hereinafter fully described and particularly claimed.

1n the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention: Figure 1, is a vertical section, showing parts of a loom having my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2, is a plan view of parts of the breast beam and the pile wires and their supporting and actuating devices. Fig. 3, is a vertical section, on line 3 3 of Fig. 2, showing the support for one end of the pile-wire bar.' Fig. f1, is a vertical section, on line 1 of Fig. 2, showing the .connection between one end of the pilewire bar and its actuating lever. Fig. 5, is a vertical section on line 5-5 of Fig. 2, in-

cluding a complete pile wire and its actuating heddle. Fig. 6, is an enlarged view of the connection between a pile wire and its heddle. Fig. 7 is a view of the parts shown 1n Fig. 6, as seen at right angles thereto. Fig. 8, is a horizontal section, on line 8-8 of Fig. 6. Fig. 9, is a view of the part of the heddle shown in Fig. 7, free from the pile wire connection.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designatesV the loom frame, 6 the breast beam, 7 the take-up roll for the fabric and 9 the lay. Each end of the lay 9 is connected by a bar or rod 10 to a crank 11 on a shaft 12 which is journaled in the loom frame and is rotated in the usual manner to actuate the lay.

The warp threads 13 are raised and low ered by the harness 1% and the weven fabric 15 is wound upon the take-up roll 7, in the usual manner, during the weaving operation.

Extending in the direction of the warp threads 13 is a set of pile wires 16 usually equal in number to the rows of pile tufts to be produced in the fabric. Each pile wire 16, in the present form of embodiment of my invention, comprises an outer part 1'? and an inner part 18, pivoted together at 19 and forming continuations of each other. The inner end of the inner part 18 of each pile wire 1G is connected to the loom harness to be raised and lowered thereby above and below the shuttle path, similar to the raising and lowering of the warp threads 13; and, as here-in shown, the. inner end of the inner part 18 of each pile wire 1G is connected to a heddle 20 'carried by a frame 21 which is raised and lowered in the usual manner and by the well known mechanism of the loom.

The outer end of the cuter section 1? of each pile wire 16 has formed thereon or secured thereto a head or lblock 22 having agroove 23 formed in the bottom thereof. The blocks embrace and their grooves 23 are slidably fitted te a rib 2li formed on and extending longitudinally of a bar w iich extends transversely to the pile wires 1S and warp threads 13; and the blocks are prevented from being displaced from the rib 2% by a retaining bar 26, having its ends se cured to the ends of the bar 25. The bottom face of the retaining bar 26 is adapted to engage the upper fiat faces of the blocks and retain them in vertical position, and, at the same time, permit lateral movement of the blocks 22, so that the pile wires 1c may automatically accommodate themselves to the positions of the rows of pile loops being formed in the fabric.

The bar 25, adjacent each end thereof, is provided with. a roller 27 which rests upon a plate 28 projecting from and secured to the vbreast beam 6, the plate28 serving to support the end of the bar. Each end of the bar 25 is connected by an arm 29 to the upper end of a lever 30 which is fulcrumed, at 31, on the loom frame and has its lower end connected by a rod 32 to a strap 33 which surrounds an eccentric 34 on the shaft 12, wherebyl during the rotation of the shaft 12, the pile-wire bar 25 will be reciprocatedy in a manner to reciprocate the pile wires 16 longitudinally or inthe directionpf the warp threads 13 for apurpose herelnafter explained. v The outer end of the arm 29 is pivoted to the lever 30, and the inner end of the arm 29 has an opening 35 therein in which is located a roller 36 of less diameter than the opening 35. The roller 36 is mounted to turn on a screw stud 37 which is secured inthe end of the bar25. It will thus be seen that the bar 25 isi free to move vertically and to turn about a longitudinal axis, to permit the pile wires 16 to automatically adjust themselves in the pile loops under various strains upon the fabric being produced. j The outer part 17 ofeach pile wire 16 is provided with an upwardly extending blade 38 having an inner inclined cutting edge 39 adapted to cut the pile loops or floats which extend over the pile wire as the fabric is advanced by the take-up roll 7, as will be hereinafter explained; and the outer part 17 of each pile wirehas a straight portion 40 extending between the pivot 19 and cutting edge 39. This straight portion 40 always lies parallel to the fabric 15 being produced and it guides the pile loops from the pivot 19 to the cutting edge 39 in a uniform condition thereby producing uniform results in the nished fabric.

Each heddle 20 connected to a pile wire 16 is formed of twisted Wire, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, and has its central part provided with two side members 41 between which the inner end of the inner part 18 of the pile wire is inserted. The inner end of the pile wire has an opening 42 therein through which a pin 43 is extended and bent to embrace the side members 41. Theside members 41 are expanded above and below the pin 43, as shown, to prevent vertical movement of the pin on the heddle. From this construction it will be seen that should a pile wire become worn or broken it may be removedr and replaced' by a new one without removing the heddle, by first straightening one end of the pin 43, then removing the pin 43 from the opening 42, then removing the pile wire from the heddle, then inserting the new pile wire and then inserting the same or a new pin 43 and bending its ends around the side members 41. The pin 43 serves to pivotally connect the pile Wire to the heddle.

' The operation is as follows: The interweaving of the warp and weft threads to form the body of the fabric is effected in the usual well known manner, the inner parts l18 of the pile wires 16 being bodily raised and lowered when plain fabric is being produced, and the parts 18 being individually raisedv and lowered by a suitable pattern controlling device, such as a jacquard mechanism, when figured fabricis being produced. .During the weaving operation, the shuttle is passed across the lay 9 under and over the pile wires 16, and the pile loops or floats are produced over the pile wires in the usual manner. As rapidly as the loops are produced they are beaten up by the lay 9 and pass on to the portions 40 of the pile wires 16 and thence to the cutting edges 39 of the blades 38. As the pile loops move along the portions 40 of the pile wires, during the taking up of the finished fabric 15 by the roll 7, the pile wires 16 are longitudinally reciprocated by the eccentrics 34 and their connections, as previously explained, and the portions 40 of the pile wires slide back and forth through the rows of advancing pile loops which are cut by the edges 39 of the blades 38 as the loops suc# cessively meet and pass the cutting edge. The harness or heddles 20 are free to move with the pile wires 16 during the reciprocations thereof. The fabric with its cut pile loops passes on beneath the bar 25 and around the breast beam 6 to the take-up roll 7. After the fabric is removed from thev loom it may be steamed, sheared and brushed similar to the treatment afforded the hand out velvet.

I claim:

1. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, a pile wire extending in the direction of the warp threads and comprising a forward portion and a rearward portion connected to the forwardportion and forming a continuation thereof, a pile cutting blade above the forward portion of the pile wire, said shuttle path, and meansfor advancing the woven fabric. 2. In a loom for weaving `pile fabrics having the pileformed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, a pile wire extending in the direction of the Warp threads and comprising a forward portion and a rearward portion connected to the forward portion and forming a continuation thereof, a pile cutting blade mounted on the p forward portion of thepile wire, said forward portion having a part extending rearwardly from theeutting edge of said blade to the point of connection between the two portions of the pile wire, and said rearward portion being adapted to swing vertically independently of said forward portion,

means for raisingl and lowering said rearward portion above and below the shuttle path, and means for advancingthewoven fabric. I

3: In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, a pile wire extending in the direction of the warp threads and comprising a forward portion and a rearward portion connected to the forward portion and forming a continuation thereof, a pile cutting blade mounted on the forward portion of the pile wire, said forward portion having a part extending rearwardly from the cutting# edge of said blade to the point of connection between the two portions of the pile wire, and said rearward portion being adapted to swing vertically independently of said forward portion, means for raising and lowering said rearward portion above and below the shuttle path, means for reciprocating said forward portion and said blade in the direction of the warp threads, and means for advancing the woven fabric.

4. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, a divided pile wire extending in the direction of the warp threads and comprising a forward portion and a rearward portion pivoted'to the forward portion and forming a continuation thereof, a pile cutting blade above'the forward portion of the pile wire, said forward portion having a part extending rearwardly from the cutting edge of said blade to ,the point of connection between the two portions of the pile wire, and said rearward portion being adapted to swing vertically independently of said forward portion, means for raising and lowering said rearward portion above and-below the shuttle path, and means for advancing.A

the woven fabric.

5. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, pile wires extending in the direction of the warp threads, each wire comprising a forward portion and a rearward portion connected together and forming continuations of each other, pile cutting blades above the forward portions of the pile wires, a bar extending transversely to the pile wires and having a longitudinal guiding rib thereon, blocks on the forward portions of the pile wires and having grooves therein slida'bly fitted 'to said rib and free to move longitudinally thereon, said blocks being wider than the thread-receiving portions ofthe pile wires and maintaining said pile wires spaced laterally from each other and a retaining bar secured to the first named bar and preventing displacement of said blocks from said rib.

6. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, pile wires extending in the direction of the warp threads, eachl wire comprising a forward portion and a rearwardfportion connected together and forming continuations of each other, pile cutting blades carried by the forward portions ofthe pile wires, a bar to which the forward portions of the pile wires are attached, and held against vertical displacement relatively thereto and means for supporting and actuating said bar and thereby longitudinally reciprocating the pile wires, means permitting said bar to turn on a longitudinal axis.

7. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, pile wires extending in the direction ofthe warp threads, each wire comprising a. forward portion and a rearward portion pivotedtogether and forming continuations of each other, pile cuttin blades carried by the forward`portions of the pile wires, a bar to which the forward portions of the pile wires are attached., and held against vertical displacement relatively thereto and means for supporting and actuating said bar and thereby longitudinally reciprocating the pile wires, means permitting said bar to move vertically relatively to its support.

8. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, pile wires extending in the direction of the warp threads, each wire comprising an inner portion and an outer portion pivoted together and forming continuations of each other, pile cutting blades carried by the outer portions of the pile wires, a bar to which the outer portions of the pile wires are attached, and means for supporting and actuating said bar and thereby longitudinally reciprocating the pile wires, means permitting said bar to turn on a longitudinal axis,

and means permitting said bar to move vertically relatively t`o its support.

9. ln a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, pile wires extending in the direction of warp Ill@ threads, )each wire comprising an inner portion and an outer portion pivoted together and forming continuations of each other, pile cutting blades carried by the outer portions ov the pile wires, a bar to which the outer portions of the pile wires are attached, supporting means for said bar permitting bodily movement of said bar relatively thereto, and means for actuating said bar and thereby longitudinallyv reciprocating the pile wires.

10. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics having the pile formed of weft threads, the combination of the weaving mechanism, pile wires extending in the direction of the warp threads, each wire comprising an inner portion and an outer portion pivoted together and forming continuations of each other, pile cutting blades carried by the outer portions off the pile wires, a bar to which the outer portions of the pile Wires are attached, a roller rockably supporting said bar, a support for said roller, a link connected to said bar, a lever connected to said link, and means for actuating said lever.

11. A pile wire for weaving pile fabric having the pile formed of weft threads, said wire comprising two parts pivoted together and forming continuations of each other,

and a pile Icutting blade secured to one of said parts, the part carrying the blade having a straight portion extending between the cutting edge of Vthe blade and the pivot.

12. The combination of a pile wireadaqrt-i ed to extend in the direction of the warp and having an eye therein, a heddle having wire side members between which thepile wire is inserted, said members being twisted together above and below the pile wire and a pin extending through said eye and bent to embrace said members.

13. The combination of a pile wire adapted to 'extend in 'the direction of the warp and having an eye therein, a heddle having' side members between which the pile wire is inserted, and a pin extending through said eye and 'bent to embrace said members, said members having outwardly extending parts above and below said pin and preventing vertical misplacement thereof.

In .testimony whereof, I have hereunto aiiXed my signature this fifteenth day of September 13,1913. 

